A certain mass of a pure substance undergoes an irreversible process from state $$1$$ to state $$2,$$ the path of the process being a straight line on the $$T$$-$$s$$ diagram. Calculate heat transfer & work done. Some of the properties at the initial and final states are:
$${T_1} = 330\,K,\,\,{T_2} = 440\,K;\,\,{U_1} = 170\,kJ,\,\,$$
$$\,{U_2} = 190\,kJ;\,\,{H_1} = 220{\,_{}}kJ,\,\,{H_2} = 247\,kJ,$$
and $${S_1} = 0.23\,kJ/K$$ and $${S_2} = 0.3\,kJ/K$$ where $$T, U, H$$ and $$S$$ represent temperature, internal energy, enthalpy and entropy respectively.

For a compressible fluid, sonic velocity is

A steam turbine receives steam steadily at $$10$$ $$bar$$ with an enthalpy of $$3000$$ $$kJ/kg$$ and discharges at $$1$$ bar with an enthalpy of $$2700$$ $$kJ/kg.$$ The work output is $$250$$ $$kJ/kg.$$ The changes in kinetic and potential energies are negligible. The heat transfer from the turbine casing to the surroundings is equal to

When an ideal gas with constant specific heats is throttled adiabatically, with negligible changes in kinetic and potential energies