A buck converter feeding a variable resistive load is shown in the figure. The switching frequency of the switch $$S$$ is $$100$$ $$kHz$$ and the duty ratio is $$0.6.$$ The output voltage $${V_0}$$ is $$36$$ $$V.$$ Assume that all the components are ideal, and that the output voltage is ripple-free. The value of $$R$$ (in $$Ohm$$) that will make the inductor current ($${{\rm I}_L}$$) just continuous is _______.

A self commutating switch $$SW,$$ operated at duty cycle $$\delta $$ is used to control the load voltage as shown in the figure

Under steady state operating conditions, the average voltage across the indicator and the capacitor respectively, are

The circuit shown is meant to supply a resistive load $${R_L}$$ from two separate $$DC$$ voltage sources. The switches $$S1$$ and $$S2$$ are controlled so that only one of them is ON at any instant. $$S1$$ is turned on for $$0.2$$ $$ms$$ and $$S2$$ is turned on for $$0.3$$ $$ms$$ in a $$0.5$$ $$ms$$ switching cycle time period. Assuming continuous conduction of the inductor current and negligible ripple on the capacitor voltage, the output voltage $${V_0}$$ (in Volt) across $${R_L}$$ is __________.

The single-phase full-bridge voltage source inverter $$(VSI),$$ shown in figure, has an output frequency of $$50$$ $$Hz$$. It uses unipolar pulse width modulation with switching frequency of $$50$$ $$kHz$$ and modulation index of $$0.7.$$ For
$${V_{in}} = 100\,V\,\,DC,\,\,L = 9.55\,\,mH,\,C = 63.66\,\,\mu F,$$ and $$R = 5\,\Omega ,$$ the amplitude of