The type of surveying in which the curvature of the earth is taken into account is called

The base width of an elementary profile of gravity dam of height H is b. The specific gravity of the material of the dam is G and uplift pressure coefficient is K. the correct relationship for no tension at the heel is given by

An outlet irrigates an area of 20 ha. The discharge (lit/sec) required at this outlet to meet the evapotranspiration requirement of 20mm occurring uniformly in 20 days neglecting other field losses is

A pre-tensioned concrete member of section $$200\,\,mm \times 250\,\,mm$$ contains tendons of area $$500\,\,m{m^2}$$ at the centre of gravity of the section. The prestress in tendons is $$1000\,\,N/m{m^2}.$$. Assuming modular ratio as $$10,$$ the stress $$\left( {N/m{m^2}} \right)$$ in concrete is