A reinforced concrete structure has to be constructed along a sea coast. The minimum grade of concrete to be used as per IS: 456-2000 is

Un-factored maximum bending moments at a section of a reinforced concrete beam resulting from a frame analysis are 50, 80, 120 and 180 kN-m under dead, live, wind and earthquake loads respectively. The design moment (kNm) as per IS: 456- 2000 for the limit state of collapse (flexure) is

A reinforced concrete beam of rectangular cross section of breadth $$230$$ $$mm$$ and effective depth $$400$$ $$mm$$ is subjected to maximum factored shear force of $$120$$ $$kN.$$ The grades of concrete, main steel and stirrup steel are $$M20,$$ $$Fe415$$ and $$Fe250$$ respectively. For the area of main steel provided, the design shear strength τc is per $$IS: 456$$-$$2000$$ is $$0.48$$ $$N/m{m^2}.$$ The beam is designed for collapse limit state.

The spacing $$(mm)$$ of $$2$$-legged $$8$$ $$mm$$ stirrups to be provided is

A reinforced concrete beam of rectangular cross section of breadth $$230$$ $$mm$$ and effective depth $$400$$ $$mm$$ is subjected to maximum factored shear force of $$120$$ $$kN.$$ The grades of concrete, main steel and stirrup steel are $$M20,$$ $$Fe415$$ and $$Fe250$$ respectively. For the area of main steel provided, the design shear strength τc is per $$IS: 456$$-$$2000$$ is $$0.48$$ $$N/m{m^2}.$$ The beam is designed for collapse limit state.

In addition, the beam is subjected to a torque whose factored value is $$10.90$$ $$kN$$-$$m.$$ The stirrups have to be provided to carry a shear $$(kN)$$ equal to