The plastic collapse load $${{W_P}}$$ for the propped cantilever supporting two point loads as shown in the figure in terms of plastic moment capacity, $${{M_P}}$$ is given by

The stiffness coefficient $${k_{ij}}$$ indicates

While designing a hill road with a ruling gradient of 6%, if a sharp horizontal curve of 50m radius is encountered, the compensated gradient at the curve as per the Indian Roads Congress specifications should be