A steel column, pinned at both ends, has a buckling load of $$200$$ $$kN.$$ If the column is restrained against lateral movement at its mid-height, its buckling load will be

A metal bar of length 100mm is inserted between two rigid supports and its temperature is increased by $$10^o$$C. If the coefficient of thermal expansion is 12 x$$10^{-6}$$ per $$^o$$C and the Young’s modulus is 2 x $$10^{5}$$ MPa, the stress in the bar is

For an isotropic material, the relationship between the young’s modulus (E), shear modulus (G) and Poisson’s ratio (μ) is given by

The right triangular truss is made of members having equal cross sectional area of $$1550$$ $$m{m^2}$$ and Young's Modulus of $$2 \times {10^5}\,\,MPa.$$

The horizontal deflection of the joint $$Q$$ is