A metal bar of length 100mm is inserted between two rigid supports and its temperature is increased by $$10^o$$C. If the coefficient of thermal expansion is 12 x$$10^{-6}$$ per $$^o$$C and the Young’s modulus is 2 x $$10^{5}$$ MPa, the stress in the bar is

The influence line diagram $$(ILD)$$ shown is for the member

A two span continuous beam having equal spans each of length $$L$$ is subjected to a uniformly distributed load $$w$$ per unit length. The beam has constant flexural rigidity.

The bending moment at the middle support is

The stiffness coefficient $${k_{ij}}$$ indicates