The earth is assumed to be a charged conducting sphere having volume 'V' and surface area 'A'. The capacitance of the earth in free space is ($\epsilon_0$ = permittivity of free space)

Initially, 'n' identical capacitors are joined in parallel, are charged to potential 'V'. Now they are separated and joined in series. Then

Three parallel plate air capacitors are connected in parallel. Each capacitor has plate area A/3 and separation between the plates is d, 2d and 3d respectively. The equivalent capacity of the combination is ($\epsilon_0$-permittivity of free space)

In potentiometer experiment, null point is obtained at a particular point for a cell on potentiometer wire 'x' cm long. If length of potentiometer wire is increased by few cm without changing the cell, the balancing length will (Driving source is not changed)