Consider a file of size 4 million bytes being transferred between two hosts connected via a path consisting of three consecutive links of bandwidth $2 \mathrm{Mbps}, 500 \mathrm{kbps}$, and 1 Mbps , respectively. All processing delays and propagation delays are negligible. Assume that there is no other background traffic over the path and no other additional overhead to transfer the file.

Which one of the following is the total time (in seconds) to transfer the file?

Note: $1 \mathrm{M}=10^6, 1 \mathrm{k}=10^3$

Which one of the following protocols may need to broadcast some of its messages?

If an IP network uses a subnet mask of 255.255 .240 .0 , the maximum number of IP addresses that can be assigned to network interfaces is $\_\_\_\_$ . (answer in integer)

Consider the transmission of data bits 110001011 over a link that uses Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) code for error detection. If the generator bit pattern is given to be 1001, which one of the following options shows the remainder bit pattern appended to the data bits before transmission?