The symbol → indicates functional dependency in the context of a relational database. Which of the following options is/are TRUE?

Consider the following read-write schedule $S$ over three transactions $T_{1}$, $T_{2}$, and $T_{3}$, where the subscripts in the schedule indicate transaction IDs:

$S: r_{1}(z); w_{1}(z); r_{2}(x); r_{3}(y); w_{3}(y); r_{2}(y); w_{2}(x); w_{2}(y);$

Which of the following transaction schedules is/are conflict equivalent to $S$?

Consider a system that uses 5 bits for representing signed integers in 2’s complement format. In this system, two integers A and B are represented as A=01010 and B=11010. Which one of the following operations will result in either an arithmetic overflow or an arithmetic underflow?

Consider the circuit shown below where the gates may have propagation delays. Assume that all signal transitions occur instantaneously and that wires have no delays. Which of the following statements about the circuit is/are CORRECT?