Which of the following statements about a relation $R$ in first normal form (1NF) is/are TRUE?

Consider the following two relations, R(A, B) and S(A, C):

The total number of tuples obtained by evaluating the following expression

$$ \sigma_{B < C}(R \bowtie_{R.A = S.A} S) $$

is _________

The symbol → indicates functional dependency in the context of a relational database. Which of the following options is/are TRUE?

Consider the following read-write schedule $S$ over three transactions $T_{1}$, $T_{2}$, and $T_{3}$, where the subscripts in the schedule indicate transaction IDs:

$S: r_{1}(z); w_{1}(z); r_{2}(x); r_{3}(y); w_{3}(y); r_{2}(y); w_{2}(x); w_{2}(y);$

Which of the following transaction schedules is/are conflict equivalent to $S$?