Suppose a database schedule $$S$$ involves transactions $${T_1},\,...,\,{T_n}.$$ Construct the precedence graph of $$S$$ with vertices representing the transactions and edges representing the conflicts. If $$S$$ is serializable, which one of the following orderings of the vertices of the precedence graph is guaranteed to yield a serial schedule?

Consider the following database schedule with two transactions, T₁ and T₂

 S = r2(X); r1(X); r2(Y); w1(X); r1(Y); w2(X); a1; a2

where r_i(Z) denotes a read operation by transaction T_i on a variable Z, w_i(Z) denotes a write operation by T_i on a variable Z and a_i denotes an abort by transaction T_i .

Which one of the following statements about the above schedule is TRUE?

Consider the following database table named $$water$$_$$schemes :$$

	water_schemes
scheme_no	district_name	capacity
1	Ajmer	20
1	Bikaner	10
2	Bikaner	10
3	Bikaner	20
1	Churu	10
2	Churu	20
1	Dungargarh	10

The number of tuples returned by the following $$SQL$$ query is _______________.

with total(name, capacity) as
    select district_name, sum(capacity)
    from water_schemes
    group by district_name
with total_avg(capacity) as
    select avg(capacity)
    from total
select name
    from total, total_avg
    where total.capacity ≥ total_avg.capacity

Consider an eight-bit ripple-carry adder for computing the sum of $$A$$ and $$B,$$ where $$A$$ and $$B$$ are integers represented in $$2’s$$ complement form. If the decimal value of $$A$$ is one, the decimal value of $$B$$ that leads to the longest latency for the sum to stabilize is __________ .