Consider a 128 × 10³ bits/second satellite communication link with one way propagation delay of 150 milliseconds. Selective retransmission (repeat) protocol is used on this link to send data with a frame size of 1 kilobyte. Neglect the transmission time of acknowledgement. The minimum number of bits required for the sequence number field to achieve 100% utilization is _________.

Identify the correct sequence in which the following packets are transmitted on the network by a host when a browser requests a webpage from a remote server, assuming that the host has just been restarted.

Anarkali digitally signs a message and sends it to Salim. Verification of the signature by Salim requires

Suppose the functions $$F$$ and $$G$$ can be computed in $$5$$ and $$3$$ nanoseconds by functional units $${U_F}$$ and $${U_G},$$ respectively. Given two instances of $${U_F}$$ and two instances of $${U_G},$$ it is required to implement the computation $$F\left( {G\left( {{X_i}} \right)} \right)$$ for $$1 \le i \le 10.$$ Ignoring all other delays, the minimum time required to complete this computation is _____________ nanoseconds.