If the number of sides resulting in a closed traverse is increased from three to four, the sum of the interior angles increases by

A surveyor observes a zenith angle of 93° 00′ 00″ during a theodolite survey. The corresponding vertical angle is

Among the following statements relating the fundamental lines of a transit theodolite, which one is CORRECT?

A map is prepared with a scale of 1:1000 and a contour interval of 1 m. If the distance between two adjacent contours on the map is 10 mm, the slope of the ground between the adjacent contours is