Two plates are connected by fillet welds of size $$10$$ $$mm$$ and subjected to tension, as shown in the sketch. The thickness of each plate is $$12$$ $$mm.$$ The yield stress and the ultimate tensile stress of steel are $$250$$ $$MPa$$ and $$410$$ $$MPa,$$ respectively. The welding is done in the workshop $$\left( {{\gamma _{mw}} = 1.25} \right).$$

As per the Limit State Method of $$IS$$ $$800:2007,$$ the minimum length (rounded off to the nearest higher multiple of $$5$$ $$mm$$) of each weld to transmit a force $$P$$ equal to $$270$$ $$kN$$ (factored) is

In a steel plate with bolted connections, the rupture of the net section is a mode of failure under

A simply supported beam is subjected to a uniformly distributed load of intensity $$w$$ per unit length. On half of the span from one end. The length of the span and the flexural stiffness are denoted as/and $$EI$$, respectively. The deflection at mid-span of the beam is

The ratio of the theoretical critical buckling load for a column with fixed ends to that of another column with the same dimensions and material, but with pinned ends, is equal to