Two hosts are connected via a packet switch with 10⁷ bits per second links. Each link has a propagation delay of 20 microseconds. The switch begins forwarding a packet 35 microseconds after it receives the same. If 1000 bits of data are to be transmitted between the two hosts using a packet size of 5000 bits, the time elapsed between the transmission of the first bit of data and the reception of the last of the data in microsecond is _________.

Host A sends a UDP datagram containing 8880 bytes of user data to host B over an Ethernet LAN. Ethernet frames may carry data up to 1500 bytes (i.e. MTU = 1500 bytes). Size of UDP header is 8 bytes and size of IP heard is 20 bytes.There is no option field in IP header How many total number of IP fragments will be transmitted and what will be the contents of offset field in the last fragment?

Assume that the bandwidth for a TCP connection is 1048560 bits/sec. Let $$\alpha $$ be the value of RTT in milliseconds(rounded off to the nearest integer) after which the TCP window scale option is needed. Let $$\beta $$ be the maximum possible window size the window scale option. Then the values of $$\alpha $$ and $$\beta $$ are

Consider a typical disk that rotates at $$15000$$ rotations per minute $$(RPM)$$ and has a transfer rate of $$50 \times {10^6}\,\,\,bytes/\sec .$$ If the average seek time of the disk is twice the average rotational delay and the controller’s transfer time is $$10$$ times the disk transfer time, the average time (in milliseconds) to read or write a $$512$$-byte sector of the disk is ______________________.