An Internet Service Provider (ISP) has the following chunk of CIDR-based IP addresses available with it: 245.248.128.0/20.
The ISP wants to give half of this chunk of addresses to Organization A, and a quarter to Organization B, while retaining the remaining with itself. Which of the following is a valid allocation of address to A and B?

Consider an instance of TCP’s Additive Increase Multiplicative Decrease (AIMD) algorithm where the window size at the start of the slow start phase is 2 MSS and the threshold at the start of the first transmission is 8 MSS. Assume that a timeout occurs during the fifth transmission. Find the congestion window size at the end of the tenth transmission.

The amount of $$ROM$$ needed to implement a $$4$$ bit multiplier is

A computer has a $$256$$ $$K$$ Byte, $$4$$-way set associative, write back data cache with block size of $$32$$ Bytes. The processor sends $$32$$ bit addresses to the cache controller. Each cache tag director $$y$$ entry contains, in addition to address tag, $$2$$ valid bits. $$1$$ modified bit and $$1$$ replacement bit.

The size of the cache tag directory is