A long shaft of diameter $$d$$ is subjected to twisting moment $$T$$ at its ends. The maximum normal stress acting at its cross-section is equal to

Consider a propped cantilever $$ABC$$ under two loads of magnitude $$P$$ each as shown in figure below. Flexural rigidity of the beam is $$EI$$.

The reaction at $$C$$ is

Consider the beam $$ABCD$$ and the influence line as shown below. The influence line pertains to

When the triangular section of a beam as shown below becomes a plastic hinge, the compressive force acting on the section (with $${\sigma _y}$$ denoting the yield stress) becomes