The buckling load $$P = {P_{cr}}$$ for the column $$AB$$ in figure, as $${K_T}$$ approaches infinity, becomes $$\alpha {{{\pi ^2}E{\rm I}} \over {{L^2}}}$$

Where $$\alpha $$ is equal to

Consider a propped cantilever $$ABC$$ under two loads of magnitude $$P$$ each as shown in figure below. Flexural rigidity of the beam is $$EI$$.

The rotation at $$B$$ is

A beam with cross-section given below is subjected to a positive bending moment (causing compression at the top) of $$16$$ $$kN$$-$$m$$ acting around the horizontal axis. The tensile force acting on the hatched area of the cross-section is

A simply supported beam $$AB$$ has the bending moment diagram as shown in the following figure :

The beam is possibly under the action of following loads