The buckling load $$P = {P_{cr}}$$ for the column $$AB$$ in figure, as $${K_T}$$ approaches infinity, becomes $$\alpha {{{\pi ^2}E{\rm I}} \over {{L^2}}}$$

Where $$\alpha $$ is equal to

Consider a propped cantilever $$ABC$$ under two loads of magnitude $$P$$ each as shown in figure below. Flexural rigidity of the beam is $$EI$$.

The rotation at $$B$$ is

Consider a propped cantilever $$ABC$$ under two loads of magnitude $$P$$ each as shown in figure below. Flexural rigidity of the beam is $$EI$$.

The reaction at $$C$$ is

Consider the beam $$ABCD$$ and the influence line as shown below. The influence line pertains to