'Circle of least confusion' refers to which one of the following defects occurring in images formed by mirrors or lenses?

An ice cube of edge $$1 \mathrm{~cm}$$ melts in a gravity free container. The approximate surface area of water formed is (water is in the form of spherical drop)

A plano-convex lens of refractive index ($$\mu_1^{\prime}$$ fits exactly into a plano-concave lens of refractive index $$\mu_2$$. Their plane surface are parallel to each other. 'R' is the radius of curvature of the curved surface of the lenses. The focal length of the combination is

A cylindrical rod has temperatures '$$T_1$$' and '$$T_2$$' at its ends. The rate of flow of heat is '$$Q_1$$' cal $$\mathrm{s}^{-1}$$. If length and radius of the rod are doubled keeping temperature constant, then the rate of flow of heat '$$\mathrm{Q}_2$$' will be