In a fabrication shop, a $$T$$-joint is to be made between two plates using a chain intermittent, double fillet weld of $$6$$ $$mm$$ leg length. The intermittent welds are $$40$$ $$mm$$ long and spaced $$80$$ $$mm$$ apart, edge to edge.

The welding symbol of the joint is

The effects of setting a boring tool above center height leads to a/an.

If each abrasive grain is viewed as a cutting tool, then which of the following represents the cutting parameters in common grinding operations?

In a machining operation chip thickness ratio is $$0.3$$ and the back rake angle of the tool is $${10^ \circ }.$$ What is the value of the shear strain?