Let G = (V, E) be a weighted undirected graph and let T be a Minimum Spanning Tree (MST) of G maintained using adjacency lists. Suppose a new weighted edge (u, v) $$ \in $$ V $$ \times $$ V is added to G. The worst case time complexity of determining if T is still an MST of the resultant graph is

Consider a graph G = (V, E), where V = {v₁, v₂, ...., v₁₀₀},
E = {(v_i, v_j) | 1 ≤ i < j ≤ 100}, and weight of the edge (v_i, v_j) is |i - j|. The weight of the minimum spanning tree of G is ______.

For parameters a and b, both of which are $$\omega \left( 1 \right)$$,
T(n) = $$T\left( {{n^{1/a}}} \right) + 1$$, and T(b) = 1.
Then T(n) is

Consider the following grammar.

S $$ \to $$ aSB| d
B $$ \to $$ b

The number of reduction steps taken by a bottom-up parser while accepting the string aaadbbb is _______.