Consider the following statements for air-entrained concrete:

(i) Air-entrainment reduces the water demand for a given level of workability

(ii) Use of air-entrained concrete is required in environments where cyclic freezing and thawing is expected.

Which of the following is TRUE?

A bracket plate connected to a column flange transmits a load of $$100$$ $$kN$$ as shown in the following figure. The maximum force for which the bolts should be designed is _______ $$kN$$

Two beams are connected by a linear spring as shown in the following figure. For a load $$P$$ as shown in the figure, the percentage of the applied load $$P$$ carried by the spring is ______________.

A tapered circular rod of diameter varying from 20 mm to 10 mm is connected to another uniform circular rod of diameter 10 mm as shown in the following figure. Both bars are made of same material with the modulus of elasticity, E = 2 $$ \times $$ 10⁵ MPa. When subjected to a load P = 30$$\pi $$ kN, the deflection at point A is _______________ mm.