1
GATE CSE 2025 Set 2
Numerical
+2
-0

Given a computing system with two levels of cache (L1 and L2) and a main memory. The first level (L1) cache access time is 1 nanosecond (ns) and the "hit rate" for L1 cache is $90 \%$ while the processor is accessing the data from L1 cache. Whereas, for the second level (L2) cache, the "hit rate" is $80 \%$ and the "miss penalty" for transferring data from L2 cache to L1 cache is 10 ns . The "miss penalty" for the data to be transferred from main memory to L2 cache is 100 ns . Then the average memory access time in this system in nanoseconds is (rounded off to one decimal place)

Your input ____
2
GATE CSE 2025 Set 2
Numerical
+2
-0

A 5-stage instruction pipeline has stage delays of $180,250,150,170$, and 250 , respectively, in nanoseconds. The delay of an inter-stage latch is 10 nanoseconds. Assume that there are no pipeline stalls due to branches and other hazards. The time taken to process 1000 instructions in microseconds is ________ . (Rounded off to two decimal places)

Your input ____
3
GATE CSE 2025 Set 2
Numerical
+2
-0

An application executes $6.4 \times 10^8$ number of instructions in 6.3 seconds. There are four types of instructions, the details of which are given in the table. The duration of a clock cycle in nanoseconds is _________. (rounded off to one decimal place)

Instruction
type
Clock cycles
required per
instruction (CPI)
Number of
Instructions
executed
Branch 2 $2.25\times10^8$
Load 5 $1.20\times10^8$
Store 4 $1.65\times10^8$
Arithmetic 3 $1.30\times10^8$

Your input ____
4
GATE CSE 2025 Set 2
MCQ (Single Correct Answer)
+1
-0.67

Consider a binary tree $T$ in which every node has either zero or two children. Let $n>0$ be the number of nodes in $T$. Which ONE of the following is the number of nodes in $T$ that have exactly two children?

A
$\frac{n-2}{2}$
B
$\frac{n-1}{2}$
C
$\frac{n}{2}$
D
$\frac{n+1}{2}$
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