Consider the following statements about the use of backpatching in a compiler for

(I) Backpatching can be used to generate code for Boolean expression in one pass.

(II) Backpatching can be used to generate code for flow-of-control statements in one pass.

Which ONE of the following options is CORRECT?

Given the following syntax directed translation rules :

Rule 1 : $R \rightarrow A B\{B . i=R . i-1 ; A . i=B . i R . i=A . i+1 ;\}$

Rule 2 : $P \rightarrow C D\{P . i=C . i+D . i ; D . i=C . i+2\}$

Rule 3 : $Q \rightarrow E F\{Q . i=E . i+F . i ;\}$

Which ONE is the CORRECT option among the following?

Given a Context-Free Grammar G as follows :

$S \rightarrow A a|b a c| d c \mid b d a$

$A \rightarrow d$

Which ONE of the following statements is TRUE?

Consider two grammars $G_1$ and $G_2$ with the production rules given below:

$G_1: S \rightarrow$ if $E$ then $S \mid$ if $E$ then $S$ else $S \mid a$

$$\mathrm{E} \rightarrow \mathrm{~b}$$

$G_2: S \rightarrow$ if $E$ then $S \mid M$

$E \rightarrow$ if $E$ then $M$ else $S \mid c$

$$\mathrm{E} \rightarrow \mathrm{~b}$$

where if, then, else, $a, b, c$ are the terminals.

Which of the following option(s) is/are CORRECT?