A groundwater sample was found to contain 500 mg/L total dissolved solids (TDS). TDS (in %) present in the sample is ________.

A triangular gate with a base width of 2 m and a height of 1.5 m lies in a vertical plane. The top vertex of the gate is 1.5 m below the surface of a tank which contains oil of specific gravity 0.8. Considering the density of water and acceleration due to gravity to be 1000 $$kg/m^3$$ and 9.81 $$m/s^2$$, respectively, the hydrostatic force (in kN) exerted by the oil on the gate is __________.

A 588 $$cm^3$$ volume of moist sand weighs 1010 gm. Its dry weight is 918 gm and specific gravity of solids, G is 2.67. Assuming density of water as 1 gm/$$cm^3$$, the void ratio is __________.

If the water content of a fully saturated soil mass is 100%, the void ratio of the sample is