A rectangular beam of width $$(b)$$ $$230$$ $$mm$$ and effective depth $$(d)$$ $$450$$ $$mm$$ is reinforced with four bars of $$12$$ $$mm$$ diameter. The grade of concrete is $$M20$$ and grade of steel is $$Fe500.$$ Given that for $$M20$$ grade of concrete the ultimate shear strength, $${\tau _{uc}} = 0.36\,\,N/m{m^2}$$ for steel percentage, $$p = 0.25,$$ and $${\tau _{uc}} = 0.48\,\,N/m{m^2}$$ for $$p = 0.50.$$ For a factored shear force of $$45$$ $$kN,$$ the diameter (in $$mm$$) of $$Fe500$$ steel two legged stirrups to be used at spacing of $$375$$ $$mm,$$ should be

While designing, for a steel column of $$Fe250$$ grade, a base plate resting on a concrete pedestal of $$M20$$ grade, the bearing strength of concrete (in $$N/m{m^2}$$) in limit state method of design as per $$IS:$$ $$456-2000$$ is ___________

The tension and shear force (both in $$kN$$) in each bolt of the joint, as shown below, respectively are

A steel section is subjected to a combination of shear and bending actions. The applied shear force is $$V$$ and the shear capacity of the section is $${V_s}.$$ For such a section, high shear force (as per $$IS:800$$-$$2007$$) is defined as