A rectangular beam of width $$(b)$$ $$230$$ $$mm$$ and effective depth $$(d)$$ $$450$$ $$mm$$ is reinforced with four bars of $$12$$ $$mm$$ diameter. The grade of concrete is $$M20$$ and grade of steel is $$Fe500.$$ Given that for $$M20$$ grade of concrete the ultimate shear strength, $${\tau _{uc}} = 0.36\,\,N/m{m^2}$$ for steel percentage, $$p = 0.25,$$ and $${\tau _{uc}} = 0.48\,\,N/m{m^2}$$ for $$p = 0.50.$$ For a factored shear force of $$45$$ $$kN,$$ the diameter (in $$mm$$) of $$Fe500$$ steel two legged stirrups to be used at spacing of $$375$$ $$mm,$$ should be

In a reinforced concrete section, the stress at the extreme fibre in compression is $$5.80$$ $$MPa.$$ The depth of neutral axis in the section is $$58$$ $$mm$$ and the grade of concrete is $$M25.$$ Assuming linear elastic behavior of the concrete, the effective curvature of the section (in per $$mm$$) is

For a beam of cross-section, width $$= 230$$ $$mm$$ and effective depth $$= 500$$ $$mm,$$ the number of rebars of $$12$$ $$mm$$ diameter required to satisfy minimum tension reinforcement requirement specified by $$IS:$$ $$456-2000$$ (assuming grade of steel reinforcement as $$Fe500$$) is _______________

A steel section is subjected to a combination of shear and bending actions. The applied shear force is $$V$$ and the shear capacity of the section is $${V_s}.$$ For such a section, high shear force (as per $$IS:800$$-$$2007$$) is defined as