The composition of an oxy-acetylene flame for cutting of steel contain more oxygen.

Parting-off operation is carried out on a cylindrical work-piece of $$100mm$$ diameter. The groove width is $$2$$ $$mm$$ and an in feed of $$0.2$$ $$mm$$ per revolution is given at a maximum cutting speed of $$60$$ $$m/mm.$$ The specific cutting force for the material is $$800\,\,N/m{m^2}.$$

The tangential force on the tool is

A part can be machined in $$30$$ minutes on an engine lathe where as it can be machined in $$6$$ minutes on a turret lathe. However, it would cost additionally Rs. $$500$$ to tool up the turret lathe for the operation. If the hourly rate including labour and overhead is Rs. $$80$$ for the engine lathe and Rs. $$160$$ for the turret lathe, The minimum number of parts required to make the turret lathe more economical to use, for the operation

In an orthogonal cutting operation, the cutting velocity is $$30$$ $$m/min$$ and the chip velocity $$15$$ $$m/min.$$ If the rake angle of the tool is $${10^0}$$.

The shear angle is