For a database relation $$R(a,b,c,d),$$ where the domains of $$a, b, c, d$$ include only atomic values, only the following functional dependencies and those that can be inferred from them hold:
$$a \to c\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,b \to d$$
This relation is

Consider the logic circuit shown in Figure below. The functions $${f_1},$$ $${f_2}$$ and $$f$$ (in canonical sum of products form in decimal notation) are:

$${f_1}\left( {w,\,x,\,y,\,z} \right) = \sum {8,9,10} $$
$${f_2}\left( {w,\,x,\,y,\,z} \right) = \sum {7,8,12,13,18,15} $$
$$f\left( {w,\,x,\,y,\,z} \right) = \sum {\left( {8,9} \right)} $$

The function $${f_3}$$ is

Let $$^ * $$ be defined as $${x^ * }y = \overline x + y,$$ Let $$z = {x^ * }y.$$ Value of $${z^ * }x$$ is

Let $$f\left( {x,y,z} \right) = \overline x + \overline y x + xz$$ be a switching function. Which one of the following is valid?