The rake angle of a cutting tool is $${15^ \circ }$$, shear angle $${45^ \circ }$$ and cutting velocity $$35$$ $$m/min$$. What is the velocity of chip along the tool face?

Consider the following statements
During the third stage of tool-wear, rapid deterioration of tool edge takes place because
$$1.$$ Flank wear is only marginal.
$$2.$$ Flank wear is large.
$$3.$$ Temperature of the tool increases gradually.
$$4.$$ Temperature of the tool increases drastically.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

In a machining operation chip thickness ratio is $$0.3$$ and the back rake angle of the tool is $${10^ \circ }.$$ What is the value of the shear strain?

Two identical cylindrical jobs are turned using (a) a round nosed tool of nose radius $$2$$ $$mm$$ and (b) a sharp corner tool having principal cutting edge angle $$ = {45^ \circ }$$ and auxiliary cutting edge angle $$ = {10^ \circ }$$. If the operation is carried out at a feed of $$0.08$$ $$mm/rev,$$ the heights of micro irregularities on the machined surfaces (in $$mm$$) in the two cases will be