A block of mass $M$ lies at rest connected to a massless spring of spring constant $k$ on a frictionless surface. A bullet of mass $m$ hits the block horizontally with speed $v$ as shown in the figure and is completely stuck to the block. What is the maximum compression in the spring resulting from this impact (assuming that at this point the spring is still not fully compressed)?

A cart of mass $M$ is released from $A$, the highest point of a frictionless track, as shown in the figure. The cart travels along the track and enters the semicircular arc $D B C$ of radius $R$. The heights of the points $A$ and $B$ are $h_1$ and $h_2$ from the ground, respectively. Which of the following quantities does not play any role in ensuring that the cart does not leave the track?

The potential energy of a point particle of mass $m$ undergoing rectilinear motion along the $x$-axis is given by
$$ V(x)=A x+B x^2 $$
What is the maximum speed attained by the particle if it starts from rest at $x=\frac{A}{B}$ ?
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