Consider the following statements with respect to the relief angle of cutting tool:

$$1.$$ This affects the direction of chip flow.
$$2.$$ This reduces excessive friction between the tool and work piece
$$3.$$ This affects tool life
$$4.$$ This allows better access of coolant to the tool-work piece interface

Which of the statements given above are correct?

Two identical cylindrical jobs are turned using (a) a round nosed tool of nose radius $$2$$ $$mm$$ and (b) a sharp corner tool having principal cutting edge angle $$ = {45^ \circ }$$ and auxiliary cutting edge angle $$ = {10^ \circ }$$. If the operation is carried out at a feed of $$0.08$$ $$mm/rev,$$ the heights of micro irregularities on the machined surfaces (in $$mm$$) in the two cases will be

In which of the choices given below, the cutting tool materials are placed in the ascending order of permissible cutting speed for machining of steel?

A hole of $$40$$ $$mm$$ diameter is pierced in a steel sheet of $$4$$ $$mm$$ thickness without shear on the tool. Shear strength of steel is $$400$$ $$N/m{m^2},$$ and penetration is $$25\% .$$ What is the expected percentage load reduction if a shear of $$1$$ $$mm$$ is provided on the punch?