In which of the choices given below, the cutting tool materials are placed in the ascending order of permissible cutting speed for machining of steel?

In deep drawing of sheet metal, spring loaded stripper clamps the work until:

Determine the load required to punch a $$20$$ $$mm$$ diameter hole in $$2$$ $$mm$$ thick sheet. The properties of the material of the sheet are:
Tensile strength $$-580$$ $$MPa;$$
Yield strength in tension $$-410$$ $$MPa$$
Shear strength $$-350$$ $$MPa;$$
Yield strength in shear $$-250$$ $$MPa$$

The load in $$kN$$ is:

A hole of $$40$$ $$mm$$ diameter is pierced in a steel sheet of $$4$$ $$mm$$ thickness without shear on the tool. Shear strength of steel is $$400$$ $$N/m{m^2},$$ and penetration is $$25\% .$$ What is the expected percentage load reduction if a shear of $$1$$ $$mm$$ is provided on the punch?