If the number of double strokes per minute in a shaper is calculated by ($$0.643\, \times \,$$ Cutting speed in $$mm/min$$) / length of the stroke in $$m,$$ then the return speed is faster than the cutting speed by

In turning operation the surface finish can be improved by decreasing

Abrasives are not used in

The results of machining steel with $$2$$ grades of tool material are given below. For a $$180$$ $$min.$$ Tool life which tool is recommended and why?

If the tool regrinding and changing time is $$15min,$$ the cutting speed for tool $$A$$ $$ahs$$ to be chosen ($$40m/min$$ or $$50m/min$$)