If P divides the line segment joining the points $$A(1,2,-1)$$ and $$B(-1,0,1)$$ externally in the ratio 1 : 2 and $$Q=(1,3,-1)$$, then $$PQ=$$

If the direction cosines of a line are $$\left(\frac{a}{\sqrt{83}}, \frac{5}{\sqrt{83}}, \frac{c}{\sqrt{83}}\right)$$ and $$c-a=4$$, then $$ca=$$

Let the plane $$\pi$$ pass through the point (1, 0, 1) and perpendicular to the planes $$2x + 3y - z = 2$$ and $$x - y + 2z = 1$$. Let the equation of the plane passing through the point (11, 7, 5) and parallel to the plane $$\pi$$ be $$ax + by - z - d = 0$$. Then, $${a \over b} + {b \over d} = $$

$$\lim _\limits{x \rightarrow-\infty} \log _e(\cosh x)+x=$$