An orthogonal operation is carried out at $$20m/min$$ cutting speed, using a cutting tool of rake angle $$15deg$$. The chip thickness is $$0.4mm$$ and uncut chip thickness is $$0.2mm.$$

The shear angle (in degrees) is

In an orthogonal machining operation , the tool life obtained is $$10min$$ at a cutting speed of $$10m/min,$$ while at $$75m/min$$ cutting speed, the tool life is $$30min$$. The value of index (n) in the Taylor's tool life equation is

Diamond cutting tools are not recommended for machining of ferrous metals due to

Using direct extrusion process, a round billet of $$100$$ $$mm$$ length and $$50mm$$ diameter is extruded. Considering an ideal deformation process (no friction and no redundant work), extrusion ratio $$4$$ and average flow stress of material $$300$$ $$MPa,$$ the pressure $$(MPa)$$ on the $$ram$$ will be