In an orthogonal machining experiment using a tool having $${6^ \circ }.$$ Rake angle, the following data were collected. Cutting speed $$0.5$$ $$m/sec,$$ width of cut $$3$$ $$mm,$$ depth of cut $$1mn,$$ chip thickness $$1.5mm.$$ Assuming that shearing takes place under minimum energy condition,

Area of shear plane is

A part can be machined in $$30$$ minutes on an engine lathe where as it can be machined in $$6$$ minutes on a turret lathe. However, it would cost additionally Rs. $$500$$ to tool up the turret lathe for the operation. If the hourly rate including labour and overhead is Rs. $$80$$ for the engine lathe and Rs. $$160$$ for the turret lathe, The minimum number of parts required to make the turret lathe more economical to use, for the operation

Parting-off operation is carried out on a cylindrical work-piece of $$100mm$$ diameter. The groove width is $$2$$ $$mm$$ and an in feed of $$0.2$$ $$mm$$ per revolution is given at a maximum cutting speed of $$60$$ $$m/mm.$$ The specific cutting force for the material is $$800\,\,N/m{m^2}.$$

The tangential force on the tool is

Parting-off operation is carried out on a cylindrical work-piece of $$100mm$$ diameter. The groove width is $$2$$ $$mm$$ and an in feed of $$0.2$$ $$mm$$ per revolution is given at a maximum cutting speed of $$60$$ $$m/mm.$$ The specific cutting force for the material is $$800\,\,N/m{m^2}.$$

The maximum power requirement for the operation is