In a single pass turning operation the cutting speed is the only variable Based on the cutting time cost and the cutting edge cost. The tool life for minimum cost given that cost of $$1$$ cutting edge is Rs.$$5$$, operator wages including the machine tool cost is Rs. $$75$$/hour and tool life equation is $$V{T^{0.1}}$$ is $$100.$$

In an orthogonal cutting operation,
The depth of cut $$=2$$ $$mm,$$
Width of cut $$=15$$ $$mm,$$
Cutting speed $$=0.5$$ $$m/s$$ and
The rake angle $$=0$$ deg.
The cutting force and the thrust force are respectively $$900$$ $$N$$ and $$600$$ $$N$$ and the shear angle $$=30$$ $$deg$$.

The cutting power in watts is

In an orthogonal cutting operation,
The depth of cut $$=2$$ $$mm,$$
Width of cut $$=15$$ $$mm,$$
Cutting speed $$=0.5$$ $$m/s$$ and
The rake angle $$=0$$ deg.
The cutting force and the thrust force are respectively $$900$$ $$N$$ and $$600$$ $$N$$ and the shear angle $$=30$$ $$deg$$.

The average coefficient of friction between the chip and the tool is

In an orthogonal cutting operation, the cutting velocity is $$30$$ $$m/min$$ and the chip velocity $$15$$ $$m/min.$$ If the rake angle of the tool is $${10^0}$$.

Shear velocity with the help of a velocity triangle.