A compound ' X ' with molecular formula $\mathrm{C}_3 \mathrm{H}_9 \mathrm{~N}$ reacts with $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{SO}_2 \mathrm{Cl}$ to give a solid, insoluble in alkali. Identify ' X ' and give the IUPAC name of the product. Write the reaction involved.

The oxidation number of the central atom in a complex is defined as the charge it would carry if all the ligands are removed along with the electron pairs that are shared with the central atom. Similarly the charge on the complex is the sum of the charges of the constituent parts i.e. the sum of the charges on the central metal ion and its surrounding ligands. Based on this, the complex is called neutral if the sum of the charges of the constituents is equal to zero. However, for an anion or cationic complex, the sum of the charges of the constituents is equal to the charge on the coordination sphere.

Based on the above information, answer the following questions:

(a) Define ambidentate ligand with an example.

(b) What type of isomerism is shown by

$$\left[\mathrm{Co}\left(\mathrm{NH}_3\right)_5 \mathrm{Cl}\right] \mathrm{SO}_4 \text { and }\left[\mathrm{Co}\left(\mathrm{NH}_3\right)_5 \mathrm{SO}_4\right] \mathrm{Cl} \text { ? }$$

(c) Define chelate effect. How it affects the stability of complex?

OR

(c) Find the coordination number and oxidation state of chromium in $\mathrm{Na}_3\left[\mathrm{Cr}\left(\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{O}_4\right)_3\right]$.

Certain organic compounds are required in small amounts in our diet but their deficiency causes specific disease. These compounds are called vitamins. Most of the vitamins cannot be synthesized in our body but plants can synthesize almost all of them. So they are considered as essential food factors. However, the bacteria of the gut can produce some of the vitamins required by us. All the vitamins are generally available in our diet. The term 'vitamin' was coined from the words vital + amine, since the earlier identified compounds had amino group. Vitamins are classified into two groups depending upon their solubility in water or fat namely-fat soluble vitamins and water soluble vitamins.

Answer the following questions:

(a) What is the other name of vitamin $\mathrm{B}_6$ ?

(b) Name the vitamin whose deficiency causes increased blood clotting time.

(c) Xerophthalmia is caused by the deficiency of which vitamin? Give two sources of this vitamin.

OR

(c) Why can't vitamin C be stored in our body? Name the disease caused by the deficiency of this vitamin.

Attempt any five of the following:

(a) $\mathrm{Ce}(\mathrm{III})$ is easily oxidised to $\mathrm{Ce}(\mathrm{IV})$. Comment.

(b) $\mathrm{E}^{\circ}\left(\mathrm{Mn}^{2+} / \mathrm{Mn}\right)$ is -1.18 V . Why is this value highly negative in comparison to neighbouring $d$ block elements?

(c) Which element of $3 d$ series has lowest enthalpy of atomisation and why?

(d) What happens when sodium chromate is acidified?

(e) $\mathrm{Zn}, \mathrm{Cd}$ and Hg are soft metals. Why?

(f) Why is permanganate titration not carried out in the presence of HCl ?

(g) The lower oxides of transition metals are basic whereas the highest are amphoteric/acidic. Give reason.