What is the potential difference between the points $P$ and $Q$ in the circuit shown below, once the capacitors are fully charged?

A particle of mass $m$ and charge $q$ moving with a velocity $\vec{v}=v_0(\hat{i}+\hat{j}-\hat{k})$ is placed in a uniform magnetic field $\vec{B}=B_0(\hat{i}+\hat{j}+\hat{k})$. It executes a helical trajectory of radius $r$ and pitch $p$. Which of the following options is correct?

A charged particle is moving in a circular orbit with radius $r$ and orbital angular frequency $\omega$ in the presence of a magnetic field. The orbit is enclosed within a larger circular metallic frame. The frame is concentric and coplanar with the orbit. The radius of the frame is now gradually decreased. Assuming that the particle remains within the frame at all times, what changes to the trajectory of the particle will occur as the frame is being shrunk?

Consider an equilateral prism of refractive index 1.5 and a parallelepiped block of refractive index 2.0 arranged as shown in the figure such that their adjacent faces are parallel. A light ray enters the prism from air at an angle of incidence such that the ray travels through the prism parallel to its base. What is the angle of emergence $\theta$ ?