A 100 V carrier wave is made to vary between 160 V and 40 V by a modulating signal. What is the modulation index ?

In a meter bridge, the wire of length 1 m has a non-uniform cross-section such that, the variation $${{dR} \over {d\ell }}$$ of its resistance R with length $$\ell $$ is $${{dR} \over {d\ell }}$$ $$ \propto $$ $${1 \over {\sqrt \ell }}$$. Two equal resistances are connected as shown in the figure. The galvanometer has zero deflection when the jockey is at point P. What is the length AP ?

There is a uniform spherically symmetric surface charge density at a distance R₀ from the origin. The charge distribution is initially at rest and starts expanding because of mutual repulsion. The figure that represents best the speed V (R(t)) of the distribution as a function of its instantaneous radius R (t) is :

A proton and an $$\alpha $$-particle (with their masses in the ratio of 1 : 4 and charges in the ratio of 1 : 2) are accelerated from rest through a potential difference V. If a uniform magnetic field (B) is set up perpendicular to their velocities, the ratio of the radii r_p : r_{$$\alpha $$} of the circular paths described by them will be ;